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度假村经营管理的发展趋势

-------兼谈"瑞海姆"国际旅游度假村经营模式

刘伟:广州市财贸管理干部学院旅游系副教授
(Tel:13609037254)
田玉堂: 北京田园度假村总经理

20世纪是世界旅游业起飞的时期,旅游业已经取代石油、钢铁、汽车等传统工业部门,一跃而成为全球第一大产业。

进入21世纪,世界旅游产业的格局和结构将发生一些重大的变化,变化之一就是以参观游览为主要目的的传统的观光性旅游活动将让位于以休闲、放松、康体、娱乐为目的的度假旅游。在这种背景下,为人们的度假旅游活动服务的国际旅游度假村业将得到前所未有的蓬勃发展。

国际旅游度假村的发展至今已有数百年的历史,然而,度假村业的大规模发展才是本世纪后半期的事情。二战以后,世界处于相对和平时期,社会、经济得到了前所未有的飞速发展,交通业不断革命,使得包括度假村业在内的国际旅游业得到良好的发展环境和条件,在欧美等发达国家,度假旅游已经成为一种时尚和一种势不可挡的潮流。据统计,早在1983年,法国度假旅游者就已占全国总人口的58%;1985年联邦德国的这一比例为57.1%;而英国的这一比例则高达70%多;1985年英国出国度假旅游者达1490万,占出国旅行总人数的98.3%,特别是在7、8月份,每年约有3/4的人去地中海沿岸海滩胜地度假;美国的度假旅游也很盛行,1984年美国有2718万出国旅游者,其中度假旅游者约占59%。

就我国而言,真真正正的旅游业的发展,是改革开放以后近20年的事情,而度假村业的兴起和发展也只是近几年的事,是旅游业发展到一定阶段的必然产物。我国旅游度假村虽然起步晚,但发展速度惊人,到目前为止,已有大大小小1000多家旅游度假村,如何经营好这些度假村是摆在每一位度假村投资者和经营管理者面前一个非常现实的、重要的课题。研究21世纪国际旅游度假村业及度假村经营管理的发展趋势,对于指导度假村的经营管理具有重要意义。

 

                 
The Development Trends of International Resort Industry and Resort Operation in the 21st Century
------With a Brief Introduction to the RGHCM International Resort Management Model

Prof. Liu Wei
Department of Tourism
Guangzhou municipal Finance & Trade Management Institute

GM Tian Yutang
Tian Yuan Resort
Beijing, P.R.China

The international tourism industry began to develop very quickly. It has replaced the traditional industry such as petroleum industry, steel industry, automobile industry etc., to become the greatest industry in the 20th century.

In the 21st century, The framework of the international tourism industry has been changed greatly, one of which is the traditional tourism for the purpose of sightseeing has given its seat to holiday-making for the purpose of leisure, relaxation, health, entertainment. Under such background, the international resort industry that provides service to holiday-makers will gain an unprecedented development full of vitality.

Up to now, the development of the international resort has had a history of several hundred years, however it is only in the latter half century that the industry got a large-scale development. After World WarⅡ, the world is in a relative peace period. The society, economy got a full speed unprecedented development. The revolution of traffic industry created a very good condition for the development of the international tourism industry including the resort industry. In the developed countries such as Europe and the U.S., holiday-making has become a kind of fashion and irresistible trend. Statistics shows that early in 1983 the rate of holiday-makers to the population in France is 58%. In1985, it is 57.1% in West Germany and higher than 70% in the United King. There were 14.9 million people going abroad for holiday-making, the ratio is 98.3% to all the people who go abroad for travelling in 1985, especially in July and August. Up to 75% of the people went to the Mediterranean to make holiday; It is also true in America, about 27.18 million people went abroad for travelling, of which 59% were holiday-makers.

The true development of tourism in China dates back to about 20 years after the Reform and open-door policy, and it is only in recent years that the resort industry began to develop. Although China's resort industry started to develop very late, the development speed is very astonishing. Up to now, there are already more than 1000 resorts big or small. How to run these resorts is a very practical and important theme that every investor and manager has to confront. It is of great significance to direct the operation by studying the development trend of the international resort and its management in the 21century.

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